Understanding autism
Autism is a lifelong difference in how a person experiences the world, communicates and connects with others. It is part of who someone is, not something to fix.
"Spectrum" does not mean a line from mild to severe. Every autistic person has their own mix of strengths and needs, and those needs can change from day to day. Some autistic people speak fluently, some communicate in other ways, and many have deep knowledge and passion for the things they love.
Autism is not caused by parenting, diet or vaccines. It is a natural part of human diversity, with strong genetic roots.
Many autistic adults prefer to be called "autistic people", while some prefer "people with autism". The respectful choice is to ask, and to use the words each person chooses.
Things many autistic people share
- Different ways of communicating and socialising
- Strong sensory experiences: sounds, lights, textures and smells can feel much more intense, or less
- Deep, focused interests that bring joy and expertise
- A need for predictability and time to process change
- Stimming, such as rocking or hand movements, which helps with regulation and is not something to stop
Myths and facts
MythVaccines cause autism.
FactLarge studies of millions of children have found no link. Autism has strong genetic roots and begins developing before birth.
MythAutistic people don't feel empathy.
FactMany autistic people feel deeply. Misunderstandings usually run both ways between autistic and non-autistic people, because they communicate differently.
MythAutism is a childhood condition.
FactAutistic children become autistic adults. Many adults are only diagnosed later in life.
MythAutism only affects boys.
FactGirls and women are autistic too, but are more often missed or diagnosed late, partly because they may mask their differences.
MythEveryone is a little bit autistic.
FactEveryone has quirks, but autism is a distinct neurotype that shapes a person's whole experience of life.
How to be an ally, starting today
- Be patient. Give people time to process and respond, and accept answers in any form: words, typing, pictures or gestures.
- Say what you mean, clearly and kindly. Avoid relying on hints or sarcasm.
- Reduce sensory overload where you can: quieter spaces, softer lighting, warning before loud noises.
- Don't judge a meltdown as bad behaviour. It is a response to overwhelm. Offer space and calm.
- Listen to autistic voices. Autistic people are the experts on their own lives.
In their own words
Real stories from autistic people and their families, shared with their permission.
The first stories will appear here
Are you autistic, or a parent, carer or friend of an autistic person? Your story could help another family feel less alone.